Guide to FS Open on Linux
Note: This tutorial assumes some fundamental command line knowledge.
Contents
Installing CVS
CVS stands for Concurrent Versions System and is a version control system used to record the changes in documents, such as source files. Developers use CVS so they can easily share their code changes among other developers. You will need this tool to download ("checkout" in CVS terminology) fs2_open from the CVS server.
Debian/Ubuntu users want to:
apt-get install cvs
Gentoo users want to:
emerge cvs
NOTE: Redhat, Mandrake/Mandriva, Slackware and all the other distros should go here too, but we have no knowledge on how these work, so if you do, please enlighten us.
Installing the nessesary development libraries
You will also need SDL, OpenAL, libvorbis and OpenGL(most likely provided with your video card driver) development packages. And of course the GCC compiler and required make tools.
Debian/Ubuntu users want to:
apt-get install libopenal-dev libvorbis-dev build-essential automake1.9 autoconf libsdl-dev
NOTE: The build-essential meta package installs GCC4. This should work, but if you feel safer with GCC 3.4(gcc-3.4), add it to the apt-get line above.
Gentoo users want to:
emerge openal libvorbis libsdl
NOTE: Radhat, Mandrake,Slackware and all the other distros should go here too, but we have no knowlage on how these work, so if you do, please enlighten us.
Installing game data files
This tutorial deals primarily with providing you with an executable, but in order to play the game you also need the game data. Freespace 2 game data is available from a number of sources, see this thread: http://www.hard-light.net/forums/index.php/topic,38195.0.html
Note that if you use the retail CD, you'll need to extract the files and copying them on your drive, reproducing the same layout as in a working win32 installation (just make sure every file is lowercase). This thread on the SCP forum has some more info on it : http://scp.indiegames.us/forum_viewtopic.php?3.282
There are two ways of doing this :
- use wine to install the game in the right directory, using the Setup.exe found on the first CD, or
- extract manually the files from the cd.
The second method is detailed below. The wine one is straightforward and you shouldn't need any specific instruction, but you'll have to fix permissions and lowercase the filename as well, so keep reading.
Extracting data from CD
Installing unshield
First, you need unshield from http://synce.sourceforge.net/synce/unshield.php
If you use debian, apt-get install unshield as root should do the trick. Else, try to find a package for your distribution, or if you don't, compile it yourself following the instructions provided on the website. Note you don't need to actually install it, just compile it and use it from the directory where you compiled it.
Preparing directories
- Create a directory for fs2_open, say, /usr/local/games/fs2_open, with a data/movies and data/players subdirectories. Everything but user files and configuration will be in this directory.
~# mkdir -p /usr/local/games/fs2_open/data/movies /usr/local/games/fs2_open/data/players
Extracting files
- Use unshield to extract the groups from data1.cab (on the first cd) to a temporary directory; then move the files in your game directory :
~# mkdir /tmp/fs2</> ~# for group in "Basic Install Files" "Intel Anims" "Music Compressed" "High Res Files"; do unshield -d /tmp/fs2/ -g "$group" -L -j x disk1/data1.cab && mv -v /tmp/fs2/*/* /home/data/jeux/fs2_open ~# unshield -d /usr/local/games/fs2_open/data/players -g "Hud Config Files" -L -j x data1.cab && mv -v /tmp/fs2/hud_config_files/"* /home/data/jeux/fs2_open/data/players
- From the second CD, get the vp files and the movies files (I dont think the the mve file are really needed, you'll need the avi ones if you want the movies).
~# cp -vf *.vp /usr/local/games/fs2_open ~# mkdir -p /usr/local/games/fs2_open/data/movies/ && cp -vf *.MVE /usr/local/games/fs2_open/data/movies/
- Do the same for the third CD :
~# cp -vf *.vp /usr/local/games/fs2_open ~# cp -vf *.MVE /usr/local/games/fs2_open/data/movies/
You may notice that some files are on all three CD. This is because the games was meant to be run from CD. Don't bother.
Fixing Case and permissions
- You have to make sure everything is lowercase :
~# find /usr/local/games/fs2_open/ | rename -v 'y/A-Z/a-z/'
- Then, fix permissions :
~# find /usr/local/games/fs2_open -type d -exec chmod a+rx '{}' \;
~# find /usr/local/games/fs2_open -type f -exec chmod a+r '{}' \;
MediaVP and Cutscenes
You'll also need the mediavp from the SCP if you want the enhanced graphics. Get them at http://scp.indiegames.us. If you want the cutscenes, you'll have to find the avi version of the MVE files, or to convert them yourself. They are not hard to find. When you have them, just put them in the data/movies directory. Again, make sure everything is lowercase.
That's it for the game data files, now it's time get the source !
Using the source
CVS Checkout
Before you begin, make sure you are situated in a a directory where you have write permissions. Your /home/user/ directory is pretty much a sure bet. I recommend that you create a permanent /home/user/src directory from which you run the CVS command, this way CVS will only update the files changed the next time you download the source and it's always nice to have things organized.
Now get the source. Run from a terminal:
cvs -d:pserver:anonymous:[email protected]:/home/fs2source/cvsroot login
and then
cvs -z3 -d:pserver:[email protected]:/home/fs2source/cvsroot co fs2_open
The first cvs command tells the CVS tool to first use a password file for authentication (pserver), that you are user "anonymous" with the password "anonymous" who wants to access warpcore.org's CVS repository "/home/fs2source/cvsroot" and login. The second command tells the CVS server on which we are now connected to that we want to checkout (co) the fs2_open module.
CVS Checkout and Update Script
The code on CVS is in a constant state of change, and bugs that exist one day may be gone the next. Because of this, you'll want to occasionally update to a newer version and recompile. Running those cvs commands will fast grow to be a pain, so this little script was created to make your life easier. This script will checkout fs2_open if it can't find a fs2_open directory and update fs2_open, if it finds it. The script will run until a successfull checkout or update has been achieved. Copy and save this to a suitably named file like "get_fs2_open", and make it executable with the command, chmod +x <name of file>
#!/bin/bash # CVS Checkout and Update Script for fs2_open CVS_LINE="cvs -d:pserver:anonymous:[email protected]:/home/fs2source/cvsroot" # The cvs command if [ "$UID" = 0 ]; then # check if user is root, and if so, echo a warning. echo "You are root. If this is a checkout, all files \ will be created with root as the owner." sleep 3 fi if [ -e ./fs2_open ]; then # check if directory fs2_open exists echo "Found fs2_open, We are updating an old checkout." CVS_ATTEMPT=0 # This updates the checkout. until [ $CVS_ATTEMPT = 1 ]; do $CVS_LINE login && \ $CVS_LINE update fs2_open && \ let CVS_ATTEMPT=1 done else echo "No fs2_open found, This is a new checkout." CVS_ATTEMPT=0 # This creates a new checkout. until [ $CVS_ATTEMPT = 1 ]; do $CVS_LINE login && \ $CVS_LINE co fs2_open && \ let CVS_ATTEMPT=1 done fi
Pre-Compile Configuration
Before you compile you need to configure it for your system. In the directory you ran the CVS command from, a new directory will appear, namely fs2_open. If your fs2_open is a completely new checkout, you will first need to run the autogen.sh script. Run from inside your newly created fs2_open directory:
./autogen.sh
autogen.sh is a script that will generate the required makefiles. You will see alot of "checking for this" and "checking for that", this is actually the "configure" script (which can be run with ./configure if you need to change the options) examining and configuring fs2_open for your system.
It is possible to give autogen.sh configure options as well, autogen.sh will pass them along to configure.
A full list of configure options can be found by running the configure script with the '--help' option.
./configure --help
Optimizing fs2_open
Optimizing fs2_open might have little or no effect, or improve performance greatly, I honestly have no clue.
A note of caution, if you are compiling a debug build, don't use the -fomit-frame-pointer CFLAG, it will make debugging impossible.
You can specify your compiler flags with the configure script, se below.
./configure CFLAGS="<your desired flags>"
If you got a Athlon-XP and want to play it safe, a good set of CFLAGS would be
./configure CFLAGS="-march=athlon-xp -O3 -pipe -fomit-frame-pointer"
You should read up on CFLAGS and what they do before trying anything. I recommend you read through these links.
http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc-3.4.1/gcc/Optimize-Options.html
http://linuxreviews.org/howtos/compiling/safe-cflags/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CFLAGS
Compiling
Run from within your fs2_open directory:
make
Sit back and enjoy gcc work its magic.
Simple Compile Script
It's alot easier to use a scripts when dealing with constantly changing code. Copy and save this to a suitably named file like "compile_fs2_open", and make it executable with the command, chmod +x <name of file> This script assumes the CVS checkout directory fs2_open is pressent in the same directory as the script itself.
#!/bin/bash # fs2_open Compile Script # These are only examples, uncomment to enable optimization. #MY_CFLAGS="-march=athlon-xp -O3 -pipe -fomit-frame-pointer -ftracer" if [ -e ./fs2_open/ ]; then cd fs2_open if [ -e ./Makefile.in ]; then make clean ./configure CFLAGS="$MY_CFLAGS" CXXFLAGS="$MY_CFLAGS" make else ./autogen.sh CFLAGS="$MY_CFLAGS" CXXFLAGS="$MY_CFLAGS" make fi else echo "No fs2_open directory found." fi
You can add your options to the ./configure line.
Using the Binaries
When the compile is done and if all went well, a binary executable will reside in the code directory fs2_open_r or fs2_open_d if you configured for a debug build. Copy the binary to directory where Freespace2 is installed, and you're all set to go.
Post-Compile Configuration
Changing Your Resolution
Odds are, you'll want to run fs2_open in a higher resolution than the default 640x480. Unfortunately, we Linux users don't have the swank launcher app that the Windows folks do. Instead, we'll be making a couple line changes to a config file. You will need to run fs2_open once before you can make the necessary changes, otherwise you won't have a configuration directory to work with.
The first thing we need to do is get into the fs2_open config directory, which is a hidden folder in your home directory. The fastest way to get there is to type the following in a console:
cd ~/.fs2_open
From here, open up fs2_open.ini in your text editor of choice (vi, EMACS, joe, pico, etc). You'll see something like the following:
[Default] VideocardFs2open=OGL -(640x480)x16 bit LastPlayer=MonkeyboyS GammaD3D=1.0
Then change the Videocard line to the following:
VideocardFs2open=OGL -(1024x768)x32 bit
Save the file, and run fs2_open as you normally would. Voila! You're now in 1024x768 at 32bit color. Congratulations!
Creating a Start Up Script
In order to use all of the advanced engine features of fs2_open, you'll need to start the executable with a number of command line arguments. Instead of typing them in every time you want to start the game, why not create a script that does it for you?
Create a new file named start_freespace (or whatever you like) in your home directory. Open the file in your editor of choice, and paste the following:
#!/bin/bash cd /path/to/your/freespace/ ./fs2_open_r -spec -glow -mipmap -jpgtga -orbradar -mod Media_VP
Note: You will need to edit this script before it will work properly. The second line must point to the directory where you installed fs2_open.
The last line starts fs2_open with a number of arguments that turn on extra features. In the example, the game will use specular highlights, glow-mapping, mipmapping, jpg and tga graphic files, the orb radar, and any MediaVPs installed to the /Media_VP directory. You should edit this line to use those features that your system supports.
More information about the available Command Line Arguments can be found at the Command-Line Reference
Once you've edited the file to your heart's content, make it executable:
chmod +x start_freespace
You can now type in start_freespace to start the game, or by clicking on start_freespace in your window manager. For convenience, you can copy it to your Desktop.
Troubleshooting
Compile Errors
Missing -lGLU compile error
On some Linux distributions (Slackware for instance), compiling fails because a GL related library doesn't have a link in the /usr/lib directory. If the compile fails because it can't find -lGLU, here are two ways to fix it:
Solution as Root
If you have root access to the system, you can create a link to the library in question with just a little bit of command line magic. Go to a console and enter:
ln -s /usr/X11R6/lib/libGLU.so /usr/lib/libGLU.so
After that, you can run make again and it should finish compiling.
Solution as a Non-Root user
You don't have root access? Never fear, we can still fix the problem. It'll just be a tad more difficult.
Navigate to the fs2_open/code directory and locate a file named Makefile (not Makefile.rm or Makefile.in or Makefile.anything). Open it in your favorite text editor and make the following changes.
Find this line (line 457 in mine):
FS2_LDFLAGS = -L/usr/lib -Wl,-rpath,/usr/lib -lSDL -lpthread -lGL -lGLU -lopenal -logg -lvorbis -lvorbisfile
And replace it with this:
FS2_LDFLAGS = -L/usr/lib -Wl,-rpath,/usr/lib -lSDL -lpthread -lGL -lopenal -logg -lvorbis -lvorbisfile -L/usr/X11R6/lib -lGLU
Also find this one (line 565 in mine):
AM_LDFLAGS = -g -L/usr/lib -Wl,-rpath,/usr/lib -lSDL -lpthread -lGL -lGLU -lopenal -logg -lvorbis -lvorbisfile
And replace it with this:
AM_LDFLAGS = -g -L/usr/lib -Wl,-rpath,/usr/lib -lSDL -lpthread -lGL -lopenal -logg -lvorbis -lvorbisfile -L/usr/X11R6/lib -lGLU
Then run make from the fs2_open directory, and watch the magic happen.
glBindBufferARB feature missing
If this is the actual solution to this problem remains to be seen.
So far, only people using Debian stable are affected by this.
So we need adventurus Debian users to confirm.
I can confirm that the APT-Pinning works, can not confirm compile thou. -- ni1s
checking for glBindBufferARB in -lGL... no configure: error: *** OpenGL version does not have the required features!! (ie.glBindBufferARB()) ***
This error appears if the installed Mesa development library is to old.
On Debian stable branch the xlibmesa-gl-dev package holds version 4.3.0.
The xlibmesa-gl-dev package on testning is version 6.9.0.
Possible solution:
First set /etc/apt/sources.list to include the testing branch. Add:
#Testing deb http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian testing main non-free contrib deb http://non-us.debian.org/debian-non-US testing/non-US main contrib non-free
Your sources.list might have these lines already, if so, you should be okej.
Your /etc/apt/preferences file should look like this
Package: * Pin: release a=stable Pin-Priority: 700 Package: * Pin: release a=testing Pin-Priority: 650 Package: * Pin: release a=unstable Pin-Priority: 600
Add to that file:
Package: xlibmesa-gl-dev Pin: release a=testing Pin-Priority: 800
Note that the Pin-Priority of xlibmesa-gl-dev here is higher than the Pin-Priority on 'stable'. As a result of this APT get will prioritize the xlibmesa-gl-dev from testing and leave the rest of the system on stable. This is called apt-pinning.
Now that APT knows what xlibmesa-gl-dev to prioritze, install it again:
apt-get install xlibmesa-gl-dev
If you are using nVidia's nvidia-kernel and glx packages, a simple:
apt-get install nvidia-glx-dev
should suffice. No need to mess around with APT-pinning.
Runtime Errors
ERROR: "Web cursor bitmap not found."
ERROR: "Web cursor bitmap not found. This usually means that the executable is being run outside the directory you installed Freespace2 to. Please move the executable to that directory and try again" at graphics/2d.cpp:1402
A common error. This happens when fs2_open can't find the .vp files or that your user doesn't have the permissions to access them. If you are using a start up script(like the one found here) it's most likly the a permission problem. Have your user take owenership of the .vp files, run as root:
chown <user> /path/to/vpfiles/ -R
I18n and Key mapping problems
Ok, imagine that like me you don't have an us keyboard but a french one (or anything). Well, you probably have problems mapping some keys or even using the default mapping.
Actually, the problem is fs2_open does not take modifiers into account, as it uses them internally as modifiers for keys, and it won't accept non-us charset either.
On a french keyboard layout, the numbers 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 are on the same keys than on a US layout, but you have to press shift to use them. The primary function for theses keys are & é " ' ( - è _ ç à ). These characters won't be accepted by freespace, and if you press shift to get a number, it won't work. This can be a problem, as theses keys are needed to use the communication system, and cannot be bound to anything. Also, as you won't get access some keys on your keyboard, it will be difficult to map every command on a key, or you'll have to use modifiers for nearly each key.
However, there is a solution. You can tell X to remap the keyboard before launching the game, and restore your normal keymap afterwards.
For exemple, I map 123456790 to the &é"'(-è_çà keys so I can use the communication system, and I put , and ; on the Alt-Gr and Menu keys for convenience, as I binded thoses keys to next primary weapon and next secondary weapon.
To do this, I use a slightly enhanced startup script, which I put in ~/bin (this directory is in my path), together with a customized xmodmap.
- First, dump your current xmodmap :
~$ xmodmap -pke > ~/xmodmap.current
- Then edit it with your favorite text editor. You'll see a bunch of lines looking like this :
keycode 8 = keycode 9 = Escape keycode 10 = 1 ampersand onesuperior exclamdown onesuperior exclamdown
The syntax is keycode <number> = <symbol list>.
Use xev to scan the keycodes. The symbols are defined in /usr/include/X11/keysymdef.h. Just make sure you write them without the XK_ prefix. You'll find more information about xmodmap in the xmodmap manual page.
Just modify the keys you need, and be patient. This can be a long process. Test it with xmodmap :
xmodmap - < <filename>
But don't forget to have your previous keymap at hand to recover your settings ! If you mess everything up, just restart X. Your default keymap will be applied from the X configuration.
Here is my own fs2 xmodmap, derived from fr-latin1 as described above. Feel free to use it if you're too lazy to modify your own. However, it may not fit with your needs. You may always use it as an exemple, thougt.
Then, when the file is modified at your liking, just save it as ~/.fs2_open/xmodmap
We'll start fs2_open with a slightly more elaborate startup script which will backup/apply/restore the keymap in addition of running the games with some options in the right directory.
#!/bin/sh
# This script lauches fs2. If there is a file named $FS2_modmap (see below),
# backup the current modmap as $TMP_modmap and load it as the new modmap.
# The current modmap will be restored afterwards.
TMP_modmap="$HOME/xmodmap.tmp"
FS2_modmap="$HOME/.fs2_open/xmodmap"
FS2_OPEN_DIR=/usr/local/games/fs2_open
FS2_ARGS="-glow -spec -spec_exp 11 -spec_point 0.6 -spec_static 0.8 -spec_tube 0.4 -fps -jpgtga -ambient_factor 75 -targetinfo -nograb"
FS2_BIN="$FS2_OPEN_DIR/fs2_open_r"
die() {
echo "** Fatal error : $1" >&2
exit 1
}
cd $FS2_OPEN_DIR || die "Could not change directory to $FS2_OPEN_DIR"
# dump current xmodmap
[ -f "$FS2_modmap" ] && xmodmap -pke > $TMP_modmap
# load xmodmap
[ -f "$FS2_modmap" ] && xmodmap - < $FS2_modmap
# launch fs2
$FS2_BIN $FS2_ARGS $* || die "Error while running \"$FS2_BIN\" with arguments \"$FS2_ARGS\"."
# restore xmodmap
xmodmap - < $TMP_modmap && rm $TMP_modmap
Adapt this script to your needs, and save it somewhere in your PATH - I for exemple usr ~/bin/freespace2. Make it executable with a chmod +x <file>
That's it, now you can use fs2 with full control over your keyboard.
Freezing X
I'm going to fix this section soon, and talk about why running games on a diffrent X display is so great. -- ni1s
Save performance by having X only load FS2! YAY!
xinit /path/to/fs2_open_r -foo -bar --:1
No permissons? What is this!? 1984?!
$ xauth list
See that cryptic line xauth spurted out? That's what allows you to run X on display 0 (DISPLAY=:0.0)
Notice that it starts with <hostname>/unix:<display> <then jibberish>. Copy that line but change the <display> value to 1. Then run:
$ xauth add <pasted line with changed display value>
Run 'xauth list' again, there should now be two entries listed, one for display 0 and one for display 1. Starting fs2_open on a display 1 should now work.
